21 - 30
作成:2016-04-07
更新:2016-11-28
 pōpulus f., a poplar tree.
 populus m., a people, populace.
 ventus m., the wind.
 zephyrus m., the west-wind.
 poena f., a punishment.
 mercēs f., a reward.
 laus f., praise.
 mors f., death.
The wind is cóol.
  Frigidus est ventus.
The west wind is wárm.
  Calidus est zephyrus.
My bróther and my sister.
  Frater meus et soror mea.
Your peóple is contented.
  Populus contentus est tuus.
Your quéen is severe, but not harsh.
  Regina severa est tua, sed non dura.
Your precépt is just.
  Praeceptum tuum est justum.
The merchant and his son.
  Mercator et filius suus.
The father and his daughter.
  Pater et filia sua.
The king and his council.
  Rex et concilium suum.
Praise is my reward.
  Laus est merces mea.
Death is your punishment.
  Mors est poena tua.
The brother and his sister.
  Frater et soror sua.
The sister and her brother.
  Soror et frater suus.
The horse and its grass.
  Equus et gramen suum.
That poplar-tree is mine.
  Illa populus est mea.
This flower is yours.
  Hic flos tuus est.
That bed is his.
  Illa sponda est sua.
One's own bóok.
  Liber suus.
 alter altera alterum, other, another.
 miser misera miserum, wretched.
 niger nigra nigrum, black.
 pulcher pulchra pulchrum, beautiful, lovely, fine, pretty.
Some adjectives in er retain the e before the feminine and neuter terminations, in others the e is dropped.
 Alter locus, via altera, mare alterum.
  Another place, another road, another sea.
 Hic flos est pulcher.
  This flower is lovely.
 Haec avis est pulchra.
  This bird is pretty.
 Hoc animal est pulchrum.
  This animal is beautiful.
 Equus niger non est albus.
  A black horse is not white.
 Mare Nigrum, mare est magnum.
  The Black Sea is a large sea.
 Jus nigrum interdum est bonum, sed non semper.
  Black soup is sometimes good, but not always.
 Hic liber est meus, alter tuus.
  This book is mine, the other yours.
 Haec puella est negotiosa, sed altera otiosa.
  This girl is active, but the other indolent.
 Hoc praeceptum justum est, sed alterum injustum.
  This precept is just, but the other unjust.
 Mercator improbus semper est miser.
  A dishonest merchant is always wretched.
 Mater dura plerumque est misera.
  A harsh mother is generally wretched.
 Rex tuus semper est miser, sed regina tua semper contenta.
  Your king is always wretched, but your queen always contented.
 aeger aegra aegrum, sick, ill, ailing, unwell.
 piger pigra pigrum, lazy, slow, dull.
 līber lībera līberum, free.
 asper aspera asperum, rough, rugged, rude, tart, bitter.
A rugged place, a rough couch, tart wine.
  Locus asper, aspera sponda, vinum asperum.
The boy is unwell, the girl is ailing, and the animal is sick.
  Puer est aeger, puella est aegra, et animal est aegrum.
The white flower is lovely.
  Flos albus est pulcher.
That little bird is pretty.
  Illa parva avis est pulchra.
This animal is large and beautiful.
  Hoc animal magnum est et pulchrum.
My daughter is ailing, but not my son.
  Filia mea est aegra, sed non filius meus.
Your sick mother.
  Mater tua aegra.
The girl is slow but not indolent.
  Puella est pigra, sed non otiosa.
If the people is free, the king is free.
  Si populus est liber, rex est liber.
A free people is not always contented.
  Populus liber non semper est contentus.
A beautiful girl is not always a good girl.
  Puella pulchra non semper bona est puella.
An active life is a long life.
  Vita negotiosa longa est vita.
When two emphatic words occur in the same sentence, one is usually placed at the end, and the other at the beginning. (See Rem. Lesson 16)
 homo c., a human being, man, woman, or person.
 juvenis c., a youth, a young man, or young woman.
 senex c., an old man, or old woman.
 princeps c., a prince, chief or principal.
Nouns marked c. (common gender) are both masculine and feminine; some of these nouns, however, as homo and senex, are seldom used in the feminine sense.
 Rex tuus princeps est justus.
  Your king is a just prince.
 Regina tua mulier est generosa.
  Your queen is a generous woman.
 Frater meus juvenis est industrius.
  My brother is an industrious young man.
 Soror mea juvenis est proba.
  My sister is a dutiful young woman.
 Senex dominus est severus.
  The old man is a severe master.
 Mercator homo est niger.
  The merchant is a black man.
 Homo niger saepe honestus est et negotiosus.
  A black man is often upright and active.
 Homo honestus plerumque est contentus.
  An honest man is generally contented.
 Senex interdum est asper, interdum generosus.
  An old man is sometimes rude, and sometimes generous.
 Homo saepe est contentus, sed non semper.
  Man is often contented, but not always.
 Si hic juvenis est negotiosus, illa est otiosa.
  If this young man is active, that young woman is indolent.
 Rex injustus, plerumque durus est homo.
  An unjust king is generally a harsh man.
 Bellum saepe est justum, sed saepius injustum.
  War is often just, but oftener unjust.
 vir m., a male, a man, a husband
 mulier f., a woman, a wife, a female.
 jūdicium n., judgement.
 auctor c., an author, or authoress, a writer.
 deus c., God, a god, or goddess.
 parens c., a parent.
 testis c., a witness.
 nēmo c., no one, nobody.
 canis c., a dog.
The English word man is rendered by homo when an unimportant personage is referred to, and by vir when the individual is spoken of respectfully. Homo is also used when man means mankind in general, and likewise in speaking of a person disrespectfully, as ─ homo ille ingratus, that ungrateful fellow.
Man is often unjust.
  Homo saepe est injustus.
Your king is a great man.
  Vir magnus rex est tuus.
The merchant is a dishonest man.
  Mercator homo est improbus.
God is great and good.
  Deus magnus est et bonus.
The prince is an author.
  Princeps est auctor.
My brother is your parent.
  Frater meus parens est tuus.
The messenger is a lazy fellow.
  Nuntius piger est homo.
Man is not always harsh and severe.
  Homo non semper durus est et severus.
Your father is a just and upright man.
  Pater tuus vir est justus et probus.
The queen is an active woman, and a dutiful mother.
  Regina mulier est negotiosa et mater proba.
No one is always unreasonable or mischievous.
  Nemo semper injustus est vel malus.
My dog is a large and beautiful animal.
  Canis meus animal est magnum et pulchrum.
This witness is an honest man, but the other is dishonest.
  Hic testis est probus, sed alter est improbus.
 noster nostra nostrum, our, ours.
 vester vestra vestrum, your, yours.
 Panis noster est albus.
  Our bread is white.
 Via nostra est aspera.
  Our path is rugged.
 Nostrum scamnum est longum.
  Our bench is long.
 Rex vester vir est magnus.
  Your king is a great man.
 Regina vestra mulier est proba.
  Your queen is an upright woman.
 Consilium vestrum est bonum.
  Your advice is good.
 Vester liber est parvus.
  Your book is small.
 Frater noster est auctor.
  Our brother is an author.
 Hic canis est vester.
  This dog is yours.
 Populus vester liber est et contentus.
  Your people is free and contented.
 Deus est rex et pater noster.
  God is our king and father.
 Avis vestra est parva, sed pulchra.
  Your bird is little, but pretty.
 Pater vester vir est honestus, et mater vestra mulier honesta.
  Your father is a righteous man, and your mother a righteous woman.
 Filius tuus juvenis est otiosus, sed tua filia juvenis est negotiosa.
  Your son is an indolent youth, but your daughter is an active young woman.
Your and yours, in addressing a single person, are rendered by tuus; and, when two or more persons are implied, by vester. (See also Rem. Lesson 20)
 Victōria f. Victoria.
 Albertus m., Albert.
 monitor m., a counsellor.
 monitrīx f., a (female) counsellor.
 pars f., a part.
 fera f., a wild-beast.
 belua, bellua f., a wild-beast.
 discipulus m., a pupil, or scholar.
 discipula f., a (female) pupil.
The term wild-beast may be rendered either by fera or bellua; properly bellua signifies a beast, or brute, tame as well as wild, but is mostly used in speaking of animals in a state of nature. Fera is the feminine form of the adjective ferus, savage, and implies anything wild whether animate or inanimate.
Our master is severe.
  Dominus noster est severus.
Your couch is rough.
  Vestra (vel tua) sponda est aspera.
Our soup is black.
  Jus nostrum est nigrum.
The white flower is yours.
  Flos albus est vester (vel tuus).
The long bench is ours.
  Scamnum longum est nostrum.
This part is ours, that is yours.
  Haec pars est nostra, illa vestra.
Our life is not long.
  Vita nostra non est longa.
A wild beast is sometimes large, sometimes small.
  Fera (vel bellua) interdum est magna, interdum parva.
A mischievous boy is generally a wretched scholar.
  Puer malus plerumque est miser discipulus.
A lazy girl is generally an indolent pupil.
  Plerumque otiosa discipula est puella pigra.
Victoria is a just queen, and Albert an upright prince.
  Victoria regina est justa, et Albertus princeps probus.
An upright man is always an honest counsellor.
  Homo probus semper probus est monitor.
If the father is severe, the son is generally dutiful.
  Si pater est severus, plerumque filius est probus.
 rēs f., a thing or affair.
 negōtium n., a thing or affair.
 philosophus m., a philosopher.
 philosophia f., philosophy.
 cīvis c., a citizen, or countryman.
 mīlēs m., a soldier.
 gaudium n., joy, delight.
The noun res properly signifies something inert, but is often used in speaking of an act, and besides thing and affair stands for fact, circumstance, act, deed, substance, property, and is often used in making up compound expressions, as, res publica, the public affair, that is the commonwealth, or state; so res oratoria, a speech affair, or an oration. Negotium is used in much the same way as res, but mostly implies action of some kind, and stands for matter, affair, enterprise, transaction, business, occupation.
 Res dura est bellum.
  War is a harsh thing.
 Bellum non est negotium meum.
  My occupation is not war.
 Judicium tuum est justum.
  Your judgement is just.
 Judicium est severum, sed humanum.
  The judgement is severe, but it is humane.
 Discipulus industrius est gaudium meum.
  An industrious pupil is my delight.
 Hic testis vir est probus, et civis honestus.
  This witness is an upright man, and an honourable citizen.
 Frater meus est miles, tuus civis.
  My brother is a soldier, yours a citizen.
 Regina nostra est justa, ergo populus est contentus.
  Our queen is just, therefore the people are contented.
 Albertus princeps est negotiosus, et monitor honestus.
  Albert is an active prince, and a righteous counsellor.
 Si homo non est honestus, monitor non est probus.
  If a man is not righteous, he is not an upright counsellor.
 Philosophia plerumque monitrix est mea.
  Philosophy is generally my counsellor.
 ager m., a field, land, estate.
 societas f., a partnership, association, society.
 lēgātus m., an ambassador, a lieutenant-general.
 consors c., consort, partner, or collegue.
Consors signifies one that shares the same lot, and consequently stands for a companion, equal, or associate.
Your pupil is generally idle.
  Discipulus plerumque otiosus est tuus.
The ambassador is often ill.
  Legatus saepe est aeger.
A philosopher is always contented.
  Philosophus semper est contentus.
Your brother is an honest soldier.
  Frater tuus miles est probus.
My colleague is an honourable man.
  Consors homo honestus est meus.
Victoria is a considerate and generous princess.
  Victoria princeps justa est et generosa.
Albert is an upright prince, and a good citizen.
  Albertus princeps est probus, et civis bonus.
Our estate is small, but yours is large.
  Ager noster est parvus, sed vester magnus.
Your enterprise is just, but your design is crafty.
  Negotium tuum est justum, sed tuum consilium est callidum.
This part is good, but the other is bad.
  Haec pars est bona, sed altera mala.
If the law is bad, society is generally wretched.
  Si jus est malum, plerumque societas est misera.
The law if righteous is a good master, but the law is not always righteous.
  Jus si honestum bonus est dominus, sed jus non semper est honestum.
 noxius -a -um, hurtful, injurious, pernicious, noxious.
 sānus -a -um, sane, healthy, sound, wholesome.
 aegrōtus -a -um, sickly, unhealthy, diseased.
 pretiōsus -a -um, precious, valuable, costly.
 Multa aqua est noxia.
  Much water is pernicious.
 Panis niger non est noxius.
  Black bread is not injurious.
 Bonum judicium res est pretiosa.
  A good judgement is a precious thing.
 Homo saepe aegrotus est et miser.
  Man is often unhealthy and wretched.
 Vinum asperum plerumque est sanum.
  Tart wine is generally wholesome.
 Frater meus aegrotus est, sed soror sana.
  My brother is unhealthy, but my sister is healthy.
 Interdum vita nostra, res est aspera.
  Sometimes our life a rugged thing.
 Plerumque ventus est sanus, sed non semper.
  The wind is generally wholesome, but not always.
 Si hic puer semper est sanus, illa puella semper est bona.
  If this boy is always healthy, that girl is always good.
 Si mater severa est, filia plerumque est proba.
  If the mother is severe, the daughter is generally dutiful.
 Si pater est sanus, filius plerumque est sanus.
  If the father is healthy, the son is generally healthy.
 Pater justus et honestus, plerumque civis est bonus.
  A just and righteous father is generally a good citizen.
In writing Latin some attention will have to be paid to sound as well as sense, euphony being an essential in elegant latinity. A word ending with a vowel often precedes another beginning with one, but this should be avoided when practicable. Words having the same terminations should be placed apart, and it will often be advisable to place a short word between two long ones, thusequus animal est magnum sounds better than equus est magnum animal. (See also Rem. Lesson 8, Rem. Lesson 12, Rem. Lesson 18, Rem. Lesson 23)