51 - 60
作成:2016-04-15
更新:2016-10-06
 ūnus -a -um, one, single.
 ūnicus -a -um, only.
 sōlus -a -um, only, alone.
 prīmus -a -um, first, best.
 tertius -a -um, third.
 duōdecimus -a -um, twelfth.
 perīculōsus -a -um, dangerous.
 vitiōsus -a -um, vicious.
 curvus -a -um, curved, crooked.
 cārus -a -um, dear, beloved, precious.
 scriptus -a -um, written.
 apertus -a -um, open.
Only is rendered by unicus in such expressions as, an only son; under other circumstances, when only is an adjective it is rendered by solus.
Our father, that is, God.
  Pater noster, id est, Deus.
Truth is the best philosophy.
  Veritas prima est philosophia.
He is a good father who is severe.
  Is bonus est pater, qui severus est.
She is a handsome girl, who is good.
  Ea venusta est puella, quae bona est.
It is a useful enterprise, but dangerous.
  Id negotium est utile sed periculosum.
A boy who is lazy, is a vicious boy.
  Puer qui piger est, is puer est vitiosus.
Bread is often dear.
  Panis saepe est carus.
Dear bread is not always good.
  Panis carus non semper est bonus.
Your little friend is my son.
  Parvus amicus tuus, filius est meus.
My stick is long and crooked.
  Baculus meus longus est et curvus.
One town is large, another small.
  Unum oppidum est magnum, alterum parvum.
An open mind is an exalted mind.
  Animus apertus, animus celsus est.
The father is busy, but the son is alone.
  Pater est negotiosus, sed filius est solus.
A man who is always idle, is a wretched man.
  Homo qui semper est otiosus, is homo est miser.
 bene (adv.), well, correctly, worthily.
 male (adv.), ill, badly, indifferently.
 longe (adv.), far, far off, by far, much.
 multo (adv.), much, a great deal.
 omnīno (adv.), quite, altogether, wholly.
 quidem (adv.), indeed, certainly, truly, undoubtedly.
 Ille homo est male sobrius.
  That man is indifferently sober.
 Nullus homo omnino est contentus.
  No man is altogether contented.
 Non omnis liber bene scriptus est.
  Every book is not well written.
 Limes est apertus, et omnino sterilis.
  The boundary is open and quite barren.
 Rex longe saepius quam regina aeger est.
  The king is oftener ill by far than the queen.
 Puer multo saepius piger est quam puella.
  The boy is a great deal oftener lazy than the girl.
 Homo qui semper est otiosus, is quidem homo est miser.
  A man who is always idle, is indeed a wretched man.
 Is bonus1 quidem discipulus est, qui semper est industrius.
  He is certainly a good pupil who is always industrious.
 Una tyrannis est mitis, altera quidem2 omnino crudelis.
  One tyranny is only mild, another wholly cruel.
 Puer qui piger est, is non quidem filius est probus.
  A boy who is lazy is not a dutiful son.
 Is probus quidem judex solus est, qui justus est et severus.
  He alone is truly an upright judge who is just and severe.
 Ille homo est nobilis, qui probus quidem et honestus est.
  That man is noble who is truly honest and righteous.
 (1) Is bonus quidem discipulus est, he is certainly a good pupil. Most adverbs admit of being placed at the head of a sentence, but quidem must always have one or more words before it.
 (2) Altera quidem omnino crudelis, another altogether cruel. Quidem in this sentence is an intensitive particle, and is often used, as in the text, merely to emphasize the other words.
 terra f., the earth, land.
 tellus f., the earth, land.
 solum n., the soil, ground.
 exercitātio f., exercise, practice.
 ratio f., reason, consideration.
 coquus m., a cook.
 Februārius m., February.
 December m., December.
 incūria f., carelessness.
 neglegentia, negligentia f., negligence.
 dīligentia f., diligence.
 avaritia f., avarice.
Terra means the globe we inhabit, and consequently stands for the earth, world, universe; the same word, however, means also a section of the earth, and in this usage answers to country, province, land, territory. Tellus is properly the goddess of the earth, and is used metaphorically to signify the earth itself, and also land in contradistinction to sea. Solum is the surface of anything, and stands for sole, floor, as well as ground and soil.
The earth is our great parent.
  Terra magna parens est nostra.
This land is open and quite barren.
  Haec terra est aperta et omnino sterilis.
The land is generally pleasing, the sea disagreeable and inconstant.
  Tellus plerumque est grata, mare ingratum et incertum.
The soil is tractable and fertile.
  Solum facile est et fertile.
Every boy is not vicious.
  Non omnis puer est vitiosus.
No book is wholly useless.
  Nullus liber est omnino inutilis.
Exercise is a wholesome medicine.
  Exercitatio sana est medicina.
Negligence is a troublesome companion.
  Negligentia consors est molesta.
Truly avarice is a disgraceful vice.
  Avaritia quidem turpe est vitium.
Certainly diligence is a useful virtue.
  Diligentia quidem utilis est virtus.
Undoubtedly hunger is a good cook.
  Fames quidem bonus est coquus.
Carelessness is often dangerous.
  Incuria saepe est periculosa.
Reason is not always a just counsellor.
  Ratio non semper monitor est justus.
February is a short, December a cold month.
  Februarius mensis est brevis, frigidus December.
A man who is idle is likewise wretched.
  Homo qui est otiosus, est etiam miser.
Wine that is tart is not always pernicious.
  Quod vinum est asperum, non semper est noxium.
A harsh master is indeed a bad master.
  Dominus durus, malus quidem est dominus.
 valde (adv.), much, very.
 admodum (adv.), much, very.
 nondum (adv.), not yet.
 utpote (adv.), inasmuch, as.
 nimis (adv.), too, too much.
 nimium (adv.), too, too much.
 tam (adv.), so, as much.
 hic (adv.), here.
 ibi (adv.), there.
 ubi (adv.), where.
 melius (adv.), better.
 aliter (adv.), otherwise.
The adverbs valde and admodum. are nearly alike in power, but the latter, though weaker, is perhaps the more elegant of the two.
 Palatium est admodum excelsum.
  The palace is very stately.
 Servus meus valde aeger.
  My slave is very ill.
 Filia mea est valde bene.
  My daughter is very well.
 Otium turpe est vitium et valde noxium.
  Idleness is a disgraceful and very pernicious vice.
 Tam miles est homo quam tu.
  The soldier is as much a man as you are.
 Discipulus meus longe piger est nimium.
  My pupil is too lazy by far.
 Pecunia nimis multa saepe est periculosa.
  Too much money is often dangerous.
 Ubi est praeceptor meus?
  Where is my teacher?
 Ibi, ubi ille murus est, ager est meus.
  There, where that wall is, is my land.
 Hic, ubi bacillus tuus est, annulus est meus.
  Here, where your cane is, is my ring.
 Unus liber multo melius est scriptus quam alter.
  One book is much better written than another.
 Nullus liber omnino est inutilis.
  No book is wholly useless.
 Nullus locus est tam pulcher quam saltus.
  No place is so beautiful as forest.
 Frater meus nondum vir est valde doctus.
  My brother is not a learned man yet.
 Praeceptum si justum est utile, si aliter inutile.
  A precept, if just, is useful, if otherwise, useless.
 Consors meus dominus est probus, utpote vir est honestus.
  My associate is an upright master, inasmuch as he is an honourable man.
 Soror tua valde est contenta sed frater tuus omnino est miser.
  Your sister is very contented, but your brother is altogether wretched.
 profundus -a -um, deep, high, profound, insatiable.
 acūtus -a -um, sharp, keen, acute, clever.
 clārus -a -um, brilliant, illustrious, noble, admired.
 benignus -a -um, beneficent, gracious, bountiful.
 Lacedaemonius -a -um, Lacedemonian, Spartan.
 iniquus -a -um, uneven, disadvantageous, iniquitous, heartless, relentless.
High and deep are rendered by altus, but unless depth in relation to perpendicular height is implied, deep is more commonly rendered by profundus.
The sea is deep.
  Mare est profundum.
The sky is high.
  Coelum est profundum.
My son is very ill.
  Filius meus valde aeger est.
Every joy is too short.
  Omne gaudium nimium est breve.
A great war is often an unjust war.
  Bellum magnum saepe est bellum injustum.
Insatiable avarice is a disgraceful thing.
  Res turpis avaritia est profunda.
No one is so industrious as my pupil.
  Nemo tam est industrius quam discipulus meus.
This book is not too difficult.
  Hic liber non est difficilis nimium.
An animal that is cruel, is a noxious animal.
  Quod animal est crudele, id noxium est animal.
Praise is always agreeable, but not always useful.
  Laus semper est grata, sed non semper utilis.
Our queen is a good and gracious woman.
  Nostra regina mulier bona est et benigna.
Napoleon the Third is a great and illustrious sovereign.
  Napoleon Tertius imperator magnus est et clarus.
Nothing is so renowned as Spartan courage.
  Nihil est tam nobile quam virtus Lacedaemonia.
If the merchant is not crafty, his mind at least is acute.
  Si mercator non est callidus, animus tamen acutus est ejus.
A boy so lazy as you ARE, is not a dutiful son.
  Puer tam piger quam tu, probus non est filius.
 est, he is, she is, it is, there is.
 Est unus Deus.
  There is one God.
 Est hic dominus?
  Is there a master here?
 Si homo est contentus non est miser.
  If a man is contented, he is not wretched.
 Quamquam puella est pigra, tamen est proba.
  Although the girl is lazy, yet she is dutiful.
 Si vinum est asperum, plerumque est sanum.
  If the wine is tart, it is generally wholesome.
 Ubi aurum est, ibi saepe est vitium.
  Where there is gold, there is often vice.
 Argentum est album et pulchrum, ferrum durum et utile.
  Silver is white and beautiful, iron hard and useful.
 Si judex est durus, non judex est justus.
  If a judge is harsh, he is not a just judge.
 Quamquam mercator est acutus, tamen est probus.
  Although the merchant is keen, he is nevertheless upright.
 Si imperator est injustus, non est princeps benignus.
  If an emperor is unjust, he is not a beneficent prince.
 Quamquam Napoleon est severus, non est imperator durus.
  Although Napoleon is severe, he is not a harsh sovereign.
 Bellum res turpis est, si non est justum.
  War is a vile thing, if it is not just.
 Quamquam solum est sterile, tamen est pretiosum.
  Although the soil is barren, yet it is valuable.
 Puella saepius est otiosa, quam puer, sed ea non est tam mala quam ille.
  The girl is oftener idle than the boy, but she is not so mischievous as he is.
When est or any other verb occurs in a sentence, the personal pronoun, I, you, he, she, it, there, &c. are usually understood in Latin. When however they are emphatic, or when there is a distinction implied, as in HE is taller than SHE is, then the pronoun must be expressed.
 exul c., an exile.
 exsul c., an exile.
 exilium n., exile, banishment.
 taberna f., a hut, inn, shop.
 venia f., pardon, forgiveness.
 aegritūdo f., care, sorrow.
 fortūna f., fate, fortune.
 electrum n., amber.
 causa f., a cause.
 globus m., a globe.
 positio f., site, position.
 hyacinthus m., a hyacinth.
Exul and exsul are the same word, some writers insert and others omit the s. In like manner annulus is sometimes written with one n only.
Is there an inn here?
  Est hic taberna?
Exile is a hard fate.
  Fortuna exilium est dura.
An exile is generally wretched.
  Exul plerumque est miser.
Amber is a beautiful substance.
  Res pulchra est electrum.
The hyacinth is a very pretty flower.
  Flos valde pulcher est hyacinthus.
Sorrow is sometimes useful.
  Aegritudo interdum est utilis.
Forgiveness is a generous act.
  Res venia est generosa.
A reward is useless if not just.
  Merces est inutilis, si non justa.
One's own house, even if a hut, is always pleasing.
  Domus sua etiamsi taberna, semper grata est.
The reason is good if the cause is good.
  Ratio bona est, si causa est bona.
Though the master is severe, yet he is a good master.
  Quamquam dominus est severus, tamen bonus est dominus.
The girl is handsome, if she is dutiful.
  Puella est venusta, si proba est.
Land is valuable if it is fertile.
  Ager est pretiosus, si fertilis est.
Our great parent, the earth, is a globe.
  Terra, magna parens nostra, globus est.
A town is generally healthy, if the site is wholesome.
  Oppidum plerumque sanum est, si positio est sana.
A song is generally pleasing, if it is short.
  Cantus plerumque est gratus, si brevis est.
Though the bread is black, it is nevertheless good.
  Quamquam panis est niger, tamen est bonus.
 sat (adv.), enough.
 satis (adv.), enough.
 fortasse (adv.), perhaps.
 dum (adv.), whilst, until.
 bis (adv.), twice.
  bis2度
 ter (adv.), thrice.
  ter3度
 unquam, umquam (adv.), ever.
 nunquam, numquam (adv.), never.
 usquam (adv.), anywhere.
 nusquam (adv.), nowhere.
 ubiquam, ubique (adv.), everywhere.
 ubicunquam, ubicunque (adv.), wherever.
Sat is a contraction of satis, and is mostly used in aphorism and colloquial locutions.
 Una plerumque aegritudo sat est.
  One sorrow is generally enough.
 Aqua satis est bona si pura est.
  The water is good enough, if it is pure.
 Dum anima est, spes est.
  Whilst the soul is (exists), there is hope.
 Haec pecunia bis nimis est multa.
  This money is twice too much.
 Quod non est usquam, nusquam est.
  What is not anywhere is nowhere.
 Si imperium est crudele, populus nunquam est contentus.
  If the government is cruel, the people are never contented.
 Deus est ubique, sed homo non est ubique.
  God is everywhere, but man is not everywhere.
 Quamquam vinum est asperum fortasse est bonum.
  Although the wine is tart, perhaps it is good.
 Non est homo usquam, qui est omnino vitiosus.
  There is not anywhere a man, who is wholly vicious.
 Bonum consilium est pretiosum quamquam ingratum.
  Good advice is valuable, although disagreeable.
 Liber melius scriptus quam tuus nusquam est.
  There is nowhere a book better written than yours.
 Nullum gaudium unquam est nimis longum.
  No joy is ever too long.
 Bonus judex interdum severus est, durus nunquam.
  A good judge is sometimes severe, but never harsh.
 Ubicunque est aurum, ibi plerumque est vitium.
  Wherever there is gold, there is generally vice.
 Ter nobilis est ille homo qui justus, probus, et honestus est.
  Thrice noble is that man who is just, upright and righteous.
 salutāris -e, salutary, beneficial.
 admīrābilis -e, admirable, wonderful.
 lēnis -e, mild, lenient.
 līberālis -e, liberal, enlightened.
 illīberālis -e, mean, sordid.
 cōmis -e, affable, obliging.
 mūtābilis -e, changeable, mutable.
 immūtābilis -e, unchangeable.
 fidēlis -e, faithful.
 tristis -e, sad.
 imbellis -e, unwarlike.
 miserābilis -e, pitiable.
 commūnis -e, common.
The dog is a faithful animal.
  Canis animal est fidele.
Every animal is not faithful.
  Omne animal non est fidele.
Nothing is so wonderful as instinct.
  Nihil est tam admirabile quam instinctus.
A man who is anywhere is nowhere.
  Homo qui usquam est, nusquam est.
No vice is so pitiable as avarice.
  Nullum vitium tam est miserabile quam avaritia.
A servant that is faithful, is a dutiful servant.
  Servus qui fidelis est, servus est probus.
The girl is handsome enough, if she is good enough.
  Puella satis est venusta, si satis bona est.
The sea is sometimes agreeable, but oftener by far disagreeable.
  Mare interdum est gratum, sed longe saepius ingratum est.
Man is changeable, God alone is unchangeable.
  Homo est mutabilis, Deus solus immutabilis.
Sorrow is sometimes injurious, sometimes beneficial.
  Aegritudo interdum est noxia, interdum salutaris.
Our queen is a kind and lenient woman.
  Nostra regina mulier est grata et lenis.
Every man is not hard and sordid.
  Omnis homo non durus est et illiberalis.
Your brother is an obliging and agreeable companion.
  Frater consors comis est et gratus tuus.
Napoleon the Third is an illustrious and enlightened sovereign.
  Napoleon Tertius imperator clarus est et liberalis.
Although my friend is an unwarlike man, yet he is a very good citizen.
  Quamquam amicus meus homo est imbellis, tamen civis est bonus.
 alius alia aliud, other, another, else.
 ūter ūtra ūtrum, which, which of the two.
 acerbus -a -um, unripe, bitter, disobliging, stern.
 formīdolōsus -a -um, timid, terrible.
 īracundus -a -um, given to anger, irascible, hasty, testy.
 moderātus -a -um, moderate, frugal, well-disciplined.
 Uter est meus?
  Which of the two is mine?
 Alius est, ille meus non est.
  It is another, it is not mine.
 Unus homo est comis, alter acerbus.
  One man is obliging, another disobliging.
 Mare saepe est formidolosum.
  The sea is often terrible.
 Soror tua est valde formidolosa.
  Your sister is very timid.
 Medicina acerba interdum est salutaris.
  A bitter medicine is often salutary.
 Fortuna tristis et miserabilis est exilium.
  Exile is a sad and pitiable fate.
 Senex saepe est difficilis et iracundus.
  An old man is often rude and testy.
 Si homo illiberalis est et invidus, plerumque est miser.
  If a man is sordid and envious, he is generally wretched.
 Praeceptor meus vir probus est et doctus.
  My teacher is an upright and learned man.
 Quamquam nostra regina est valde clara, etiam est valde benigna.
  Although our queen is very illustrious, she is also very gracious.
 Si dominus est iniquus, servus plerumque est improbus.
  If the master is iniquitous, the servant is generally worthless.
 Hic annulus alter est, non est meus.
  This is the other ring, it is not mine.
 Haec avis est alia, non est mea.
  This is another bird, it is not mine.
 Hoc vinum est asperum, aliud lene.
  This wine is tart, the other mild.
 Unus homo est liberalis, alter illiberalis.
  One man is liberal, another sordid.
 Mors altera est vita.
  Death is another life.
Other and another may generally be rendered by alius or alter, but not always. When an English word has in this way two or more Latin equivalents, the learner will have to be guided in choosing one of them, by the examples of their use given in the text.