31 - 40
作成:2016-04-10
更新:2016-12-23
 praeceptor m., a master or teacher.
 magister m., a master or teacher.
 magistra f., a mistress or teacher.
 domina f., a mistress, a lady.
 cervus m., a stag.
 asinus m., an ass.
 corvus m., a raven.
 struthiocamēlus m., an ostrich.
 vulpēs, vulpis f., a fox.
The word master, when a teacher is implied. may either be rendered by dominus, praeceptor, or magister; when used in the sense of employer, by dominus alone. Properly dominus signifies the master of a house; whilst magister denotes a ruler or magistrate of any kind, whether of a state, house, or school, and hence stands for school master, tutor, and teacher.
The stag is a beautiful animal.
  Cervus animal est pulchrum.
The ostrich is a large but not a beautiful bird.
  Struthiocamelus avis est magna sed non pulchra.
The ass is generally lazy.
  Plerumque asinus est piger.
The raven is a small but crafty bird.
  Corvus parva est avis, sed callida.
My master is an old man, yours a youth.
  Dominus (vel magister) meus est senex, tuus juvenis.
Your king is a generous master, but your queen is a harsh mistress.
  Rex vester dominus est generosus, sed regina vestra dura est domina.
If the teacher is severe, the pupil is generally industrious.
  Si magister est severus, plerumque discipulus est industrius.
My pupil is sometimes active, sometimes inactive.
  Interdum discipulus meus est negotiosus, interdum otiosus.
A just master is sometimes severe.
  Dominus justus interdum est severus.
If the mother is not healthy, the daughter is sometimes sickly.
  Si mater non est sana, interdum filia est aegrota.
 instinctus m., instinct.
 cantus m., a song.
 gradus m., a step.
 pecūnia f., money.
 amīcus m., a friend.
 amīca f., a (female) friend.
 servus m., a servant, or slave.
 serva f., a (female) servant.
The auxiliary est, and all other verbs, may sometimes be elegantly placed at the end of the sentence. They are generally so placed when emphatic, unless euphony suggests some other order. (See Rem. Lesson 30)
 Amica mea est aegra.
  My friend is ill.
 Serva nostra mulier est negotiosa.
  Our servant is an active woman.
 Cantus parvus saepe est pretiosus.
  A little song is often precious.
 Dominus probus plerumque est contentus.
  An upright master is generally contented.
 Gaudium purus est instinctus.
  Joy is a pure instinct.
 Multa pecunia saepe est noxia.
  Much money is often pernicious.
 Si filius est otiosus, filia est negotiosa.
  If the son is indolent, the daughter is active.
 Si dominus est otiosus, plerumque servus est miser.
  If the master is indolent, the slave is generally wretched.
 Frater discipulus industrius est tuus.
  Your brother is an industrious pupil.
 Gradus asper saepe gradus est bonus.
  A rugged step is often a good step.
 Servus meus est contentus, sed serva mea non est contenta.
  My slave is satisfied, but my servant is not satisfied.
 Vita nostra saepe est misera.
  Our life is often wretched.
 Rex tuus vir magnus est.
  Your king is a great man.
 vitium n., a fault, vice.
 cibus m., food, meat.
 pōtus m., drink.
 plaga f., a climate.
 anus f., an old woman.
 annus m., a year, a season.
 temperiēs f. mildness, a season.
 ōtium n., rest, leisure, idleness.
The word vitium signifies a corruption of the body or mind, in which acceptation it answers to the English word vice. But vitium likewise expresses anything that is wrong, hence it stands for flaw, blemish, stain, deforming, superfluity. Lastly, vitium implies anything that is done wrong, and in this sense answers to the English word fault.
Idleness is a vice.
  Otium est vitium.
Your fault is great.
  Vitium magnum est tuum.
White bread is a wholesome food.
  Panis albus cibus sanus est.
Tart wine is a wholesome drink.
  Vinum potus sanus est asperum.
A hot year is not healthy.
  Annus calidus non sanus est.
A cold climate is always healthy.
  Plaga frigida semper sana est.
Mildness is sometimes wholesome, sometimes injurious.
  Temperies interdum sana est, interdum noxia.
If a man is wretched, the season is genarally wretched.
  Plerumque si homo miser est, temperies (vel annus) est misera.
Your king is an old man, and your queen an old woman.
  Senex rex est vester, et anus regina est vestra.
If the teacher is indolent, the pupil is generally lazy.
  Si praeceptor est otiosus, plerumque piger discipulus est.
A severe judgement is often a just judgement.
  Judicium severum saepe judicium est justum.
My master is satisfied, but my mistress is not satisfied.
  Dominus meus est contentus, sed domina mea non est contenta.
 medicīna f. medicine, physic, a remedy.
 medicāmentum n. medicine, physic, a remedy.
 domus f., a house, home, or family.
 virtus f., a virtue, quality, worthiness, ability, manliness, courage.
Medicina is used in speaking of a remedy for diseases of the mind as well as the body; medicamentum mostly in the sense of a compound or drug.
 Virtus consors mea est.
  Virtue is my companion.
 Domus mea vita est mea.
  My home is my life.
 Bellum longum est et pigrum.
  The war is long and slow.
 Virtus monitor est honestus.
  Virtue is an honest counsellor.
 Aqua pura bona est medicina.
  Pure water is a good medicine.
 Domus tua est magna, mea parva.
  Your house is large, mine small.
 Puer piger, plerumque filius est improbus.
  A lazy boy is generally an undutiful son.
 Domus mea parva est, sed contenta.
  My house is small, but contented.
 Medicina interdum bona est, interdum noxia.
  Medicine is sometimes good, sometimes bad.
 Si dominus est injustus, plerumque domus misera est.
  If the master is unreasonable, the family is generally wretched.
 Gramen illud bonum est medicamentum.
  That herb is a good medicine.
 Servus noster piger est homo, et serva nostra saepe aegra est.
  Our slave is a lazy fellow, and our servant is often ill.
 serēnus -a -um, serene, fine, clear, calm.
 splendidus -a -um, splendid, magnificent, bright, clear, gay.
 grātus -a -um, agreeable, thankful, kind, grateful, pleasing.
 ingrātus -a -um, disagreeable, unkind, ungrateful, thankless.
Manliness is always pleasing.
  Virtus semper est grata.
My home is my delight.
  Domus mea est gaudium meum.
The master is kind, but the mistress is unkind.
  Dominus gratus est, sed domina ingrata.
War is a thankless thing.
  Res ingrata bellum est.
The sea is calm and bríght.
  Splendidum est mare et serenum.
The west-wínd is cálm and pleasing.
  Serenus et gratus est zephyrus.
The merchant is an ungrateful fellow.
  Mercator homo est ingratus.
Wine is a wholesome and agreeable drink.
  Vinum potus est sanus et gratus.
One's own house is a precious thíng.
  Res pretiosa est domus sua.
The lieutenant-general is an agreeable and generous man.
  Legatus vir est gratus et generosus.
The old man is grateful, but the old woman is ungrateful.
  Senex est gratus, sed anus ingrata.
The stag is a magnificent animal, and the ostrich a magnificent bird.
  Animal splendidum est cervus, avis splendida struthiocamelus.
 altus -a -um, high, lofty, tall.
 celsus -a -um, high, lofty, tall.
 excelsus -a -um, high, lofty, tall.
 prōcērus -a -um, high, lofty, tall.
 rūfus -a -um, reddish, bay.
 doctus -a -um, learned.
 nullus -a -um, none.
 sōbrius -a -um, sober.
Altus signifies height and loftiness in the common acceptation of these terms; celsus involves nearly the same notions, but expresses them more elegantly; procerus is likewise an elegant term for high and lofty, but implies slender, and is mostly employed in speaking of things that have length without breadth. The English adjective tall is rendered by longus or altus in speaking of both persons and things; by celsus, excelsus, or magnus in speaking of persons only. Altus, besides high and tall likewise stands for deep, when depth in relation to height is reffered to. Celsus, besides high and lofty, answers to straight, erect, exalted, high-spirited, proud; and excelsus stands for noble, stately, and haughty.
 Domus mea est alta.
  My house is high.
 Mare Nigrum est altum.
  The Black Sea is deep.
 Struthiocamelus avis est alta.
  The ostrich is a tall bird.
 Discipulus meus puer est celsus.
  My pupil is a tall boy.
 Rex vester princeps celsus est et splendidus.
  Your king is a tall and magnificent man.
 Illa populus alta est et procera.
  That poplar is tall and slender.
 Equus rufus animal est pulchrum.
  A bay horse is a beautiful animal.
 Virtus excelsus est instinctus.
  Virtue is a noble instinct.
 Negotium illud injustum est.
  That affair is unjust.
 Animal hoc parvum apes est.
  This little animal is a bee.
 Praeceptor meus vir est doctus.
  My teacher is a learned man.
 Bonus parens plerumque pater severus est.
  A severe father is generally a good father.
 Interdum vita humana misera est.
  Human life is sometimes wretched.
 Mercator homo sobrius et honestus est.
  The merchant is a sober and honourable man.
 Semper contentus nullus homo est.
  No man is always contented.
 Vir probus et excelsus amicus est tuus.
  Your friend is an upright and stately man.
 imperium n., power, government, empire.
 imperātor m., a commander, ruler, emperor, sovereign.
 animus m., the mind, intellect, soul, spirit.
 anima f. breath, existence.
Anima properly signifies the breath of life, the vital spark, or principle common to all created beings. Animus means the human soul, and likewise stands for instinct, or whatever bears analogy to the soul of man; it likewise answers to heart or breast, when these words are used in English to express the human passions.
The Black Sea is not deep.
  Mare Nigrum non est altum.
A haughty man is often wretched.
  Homo excelsus saepe est miser.
The government is not always just.
  Imperium non semper est justum.
No sea is always calm and bright.
  Nullum mare semper est serenum et splendidum.
Your emperor is a great and generous prince.
  Imperator vester princeps magnus est et generosus.
The human mind is not an instinct.
  Animus humanus non est instinctus.
The ambassador is an honourable and learned man.
  Legatus vir honestus est et doctus.
The brother is tall, but the sister is little.
  Frater celsus est, sed soror parva.
This medicine is black, but it is wholesome.
  Haec medicina nigra est sed sana.
My colleague is an agreeable friend, and an upright citizen.
  Consors meus amicus gratus est et civis probus.
If the sovereign is just, the people is generally contented.
  Si imperator justus est, plerumque populus est contentus.
Our queen is little, but her empire is great.
  Regina nostra est parva, sed imperium ejus est magnum.
 ego, I.
 tu, thou, you.
 nos, we, us.
 vos, you.
 Alter ego.
  Another I (i.e. another person resembling myself).
 Ego et pater meus.
  My father and I.
 Tu1 et frater tuus.
  You and your brother.
 Nos et mater nostra.
  We and our mother.
 Vos et soror vestra.
  You and your sister.
 Vinum aqua non est.
  Wine is not water.
 Avis parva non magna est.
  A small bird is not large.
 Equus albus non est niger.
  A white horse is not black.
 Ager tuus pulcher est, sed meus est magnus.
  Your estate is beautiful, but mine is large.
 Meus equus rufus est, non niger.
  My horse is bay not black.
 Si tuum scamnum est magnum, meum est longum.
  If your bench is large, mine is long.
 Bonus amicus gaudium est meum.
  A good friend is my delight.
 Temperies semper est grata, sed non semper sana.
  Mildness is always pleasing, but not always healthy.
 Si imperator improbus est, imperium est improbum.
  If the sovereign is dishonest, the empire is worthless.
 Animus gratus, plerumque animus est contentus.
  A thankful mind is generally a contented mind.
 Ego2 aut tu, frater meus aut frater tuus.
  You or I, your brother or my brother.
 (1) The English personal pronoun you is rendered by tu, in addressing a single person, and by vos when two or more persons are implied. (See Rem. Lesson 26)
 (2) The first person is placed before the second in Latin, ego et tu, I and you; not you and I.
 Napōleon m., Napoleon.
 Eugēnia f., Eugenia.
 Cerēs f., Ceres.
 Rōma f., Rome.
 oppidum n., a city, or town.
 urbs f., a city, or town.
 insula f., an island.
 dea f., a goddess.
Oppidum signifies a town of ordinary dimensions, urbs a city or capital; but the Romans applied the term oppidum to every city and town except Rome.
My teacher and I.
  Ego et magister meus.
You and your son.
  Tu et filius tuus.
We and our daughter.
  Nos et filia nostra.
Your master and you.
  Vos et dominus vester.
The long bench is yours.
  Scamnum longum est tuum.
Ceres is a pleasing goddess.
  Ceres dea est grata.
Eugenia is a stately lady.
  Eugenia domina est excelsa.
Rome is a large city.
  Roma urbs est magna.
A lofty place is generally healthy.
  Plerumque locus altus est sanus.
A splendid town is not always an agreeable town.
  Oppidum splendidum non semper est gratum.
Our island is small, but its power is great.
  Insula nostra est parva, sed imperium ejus est magnum.
A little man is sometimes a great king.
  Homo parvus interdum rex est magnus.
If the teacher is active, the pupil is often industrious.
  Si praeceptor est negotiosus, discipulus saepe est industrius.
A harsh counsellor is often a good friend.
  Monitor durus saepe bonus est amicus.
Napoleon is a great ruler, and his empire is magnificent.
  Napoleon est imperator magnus, et imperium ejus splendidum.
 brevis -e, short, brief.
 crūdelis -e, cruel.
 fertilis -e, fertile.
 sterilis -e, sterile, barren.
 ūtilis -e, useful.
 inūtilis -e, useless.
 mortālis -e, mortal.
 immortālis -e, immortal.
Adjectives have generally three terminations, one for each gender, as bonus, bona, bonum; but some have only two, one for the masculine and feminine, and another for the neuter. These commonly have the masculine and feminine in -is, and the neuter in -e, as masculine, brevis, feminine, brevis, neuter, breve.
 Puer est brevis.
  The boy is short.
 Puella est brevis.
  The girl is short.
 Scamnum est breve.
  The bench is short.
 Liber bonus est utilis.
  A good book is useful.
 Res utilis est societas.
  Society is a useful thing.
 Asinus est animal utile.
  The ass is useful animal.
 Nemo semper crudelis est.
  No one is always cruel.
 Fera plerumque crudelis est.
  A wild beast is generally cruel.
 Animal crudele noxium est.
  A cruel animal is pernisious.
 Ventus no semper est inutilis.
  The wind is not always useless.
 Homo inutilis est, si semper est otiosus.
  A man is useless, if he is always idle.
 Plerumque bellum est inutile, semper noxium.
  War is generally useless, always percinious.
 Ager meus est fertilis, tuus sterilis.
  My land is fertile, yours barren.
 Locus sterilis non semper est inutilis.
  A sterile place is not always useless.
 Liber est sterilis, si non utilis.
  A book is sterile, if not useful.
 Haec pars est brevis, illa longa.
  This part is short, that long.
 Filia brevis mea est, sed filius meus celsus.
  My daughter is short, but my son tall.
 Homo mortalis est, sed Deus immortalis.
  Man is mortal, but God immortal.