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作成:2016-04-02
更新:2016-10-06
 pater m., a father.
 māter f., a mother.
 praeceptum n., precept.
 puer m., a boy.
 puella f., a girl.
 vīnum n., wine.
The noun praeceptum, besides precept, answers to the English words rule, maxim, and commandment.
 bonus m., bona f., bonum n., good.
In Latin as in English, nouns are masculine (m.), feminine (f.), or neuter (n.), and bonus, as well as all other adjectives, must agree with their in gender, hence the three forms, bonus, bona, bonum.
 Pater, mater.
  Father, mother.
 Bonus pater.
  A good father.
 Bona mater.
  A good mother.
 Bonum praeceptum.
  A good precept.
 Bona puella.
  A good girl.
 Bonum vinum.
  Good wine.
 Bonus puer.
  A good boy.
 frāter m., a brother.
 soror f., a sister.
 consilium n., advice, counsel.
The English articles a, an, the, are not expressed in Latin.
A father.
  Pater.
The brother.
  Frater.
The sister.
  Soror.
A good brother.
  Bonus frater.
The good sister.
  Bona soror.
A good rule.
  Bonum praeceptum.
The good boy.
  Bonus puer.
A good mather.
  Bona mater.
Good advice.
  Bonum consilium.
 malus m., mala f., malum n., bad.
The adjective malus stands for evil, sinful, hurtful, ill-meaning, fraudulent, foolish, mischievous, weak, ugly, and poisonous.
 Malus frater.
  A bad brother.
 Mala soror.
  A bad sister.
 Malum consilium.
  Bad advice.
 Bona mater.
  A good mother.
 Malum praeceptum.
  A bad precept.
 Bona puella.
  A good girl.
 Malus puer.
  A bad boy.
 Bonum vinum.
  Good wine.
 fīlius m., a son.
 fīlia f., a daughter.
 scamnum n., a bench.
A bad son.
  Malus filius.
The good daughter.
  Bona filia.
A good bench.
  Bonum scamnum.
Mischievous advice.
  Malum consilium.
The good sister.
  Bona soror.
A bad brother.
  Malus frater.
The ugly boy.
  Malus puer.
Poisonous wine.
  Malum vinum.
 magnus -a -um, large, great.
 parvus -a -um, small, little.
 longus -a -um, long, tall.
 Parvus frater.
  A little brother.
 Magnum praeceptum.
  A great precept.
 Parva soror.
  A little sister.
 Longum scamnum.
  The long bench.
 Parvus puer.
  A little boy.
 Longa soror.
  The tall sister.
 Parva puella.
  A little girl.
 Scamnum parvum.
  The little bench.
 Pater magnus.
  A great father.
 pānis m., bread.
 aqua f., water.
 saccharum n., sugar.
In Latin, as in English, nouns signifying males are masculine, those signifying females feminine; but some inanimate objects are masculine, some feminine, and some neuter; thus panis, bread, is masculine, aqua, water, feminine, and vinum, wine, neuter.
Good bread.
  Panis bonus.
Good water.
  Aqua bona.
Good sugar.
  Saccharum bonum.
A tall brother.
  Frater longus.
The little sister.
  Soror parva.
The great boy.
  Puer magnus.
A small girl.
  Puella parva.
A long rule.
  Praeceptum longum.
Bad wine.
  Vinum malum.
 est, is.
 Vinum est bonum.
  The wine is good.
 Aqua est mala.
  The water is bad.
 Panis est bonus.
  The bread is good.
 Soror est parva.
  The sister is little.
 Scamnum est longum.
  The bench is long.
 Filia est bona.
  The daughter is good.
 Praeceptum est magnum.
  The precept is great.
 Frater est longus.
  The brother is tall.
 Saccharum est bonum.
  The sugar is good.
 Magnus est pater.
  The father is great.
The words of a sentence may sometimes be elegantly inverted, as magnus est pater, instead of pater est magnus.
 callidus -a -um, crafty, sly.
 calidus -a -um, hot, warm.
 frīgidus -a -um, cold, cool.
 industrius -a -um, industrious.
 justus -a -um, just, considerate.
 injustus -a -um, unjust, unreasonable.
The brother is good.
  Bonus est frater.
The sister is good.
  Bona est soror.
Good sugar.
  Bonum saccharum.
The boy is crafty.
  Puer est callidus.
The girl is sly.
  Puella est callida.
Crafty advice.
  Consilium callidum.
The water is hot.
  Aqua est calida.
The wine is cold.
  Frigidum est vinum.
The mother is considerate.
  Mater est justa.
The father is unjust.
  Pater est injustus.
The daughter is industrious.
  Industria est filia.
 et (conj.), and.
 sed (conj.), but.
 si (conj.), if.
 ergo (conj.), therefore, consequently.
 vel (conj.), or.
 aut (conj.), or.
 Panis et aqua.
  Bread and water.
 Pater, mater et filius.
  Father, mother and son.
 Puer malus et puella bona.
  A bad boy and a good girl.
 Frater est justus sed soror est injusta.
  The brother is just, but the sister is unjust.
 Puer est industrius, ergo puer est bonus.
  The boy is industrious, therefore he is good.
 Si aqua est calida, vinum est frigidum.
  If the water is hot, the wine is cold.
 Praeceptum callidum.
  A crafty precept.
 Injustus est pater.
  The father is unjust.
 Justa et bona est mater.
  The mother is just and good.
 Frater vel soror.
  A brother or sister.
 Aqua calida aut frigida.
  Hot or cold water.
Or is rendered by vel in connecting notions of a like kind, and by aut in connecting those that are unlike.